ASP.NET MVC传递Model到视图的多种方式总结——通用方式的使用

     有多种方式可以将数据传递到视图，如下所示：

• ViewData
• ViewBag
• PartialView
• TempData
• ViewModel
• Tuple

场景：

     在视图页面，下拉框选择课程触发事件，分别显示老师课程表、学生上课表，如图：

     ​

     相关的Model：

1     public class Course 2     { 3         public int Id { get; set; } 4         public string Name { get; set; } 5     } 6  7     public class Teacher 8     { 9         public int Id { get; set; }10         public string Name { get; set; }11         public List
    
      Courses { get; set; }12     }13 14     public class Student15     {16         public int Id { get; set; }17         public string Name { get; set; }18         public List
     
       Courses { get; set; }19     }
     
    

 

 一、使用ViewData传递多个Model

 HomeController

1         public ActionResult Index()2         {3             ViewData["Courses"] = _repository.GetCourses();4             ViewData["Students"] = _repository.GetStudents();5             ViewData["Teachers"] = _repository.GetTeachers();6             return View();7         }

 Home/Index.cshtml

1 @using MvcApplication1.Models 2 @using System.Web.Helpers; 3 @{    4     Layout = null; 5 } 6  7  8  9 10     
    11     12     13     66 67 68     
    
     69         
     
      70             
        71                 
72                 
81             
82         
      
       
        
选择课程
        
73                     74 --选择课程--75 @foreach (var course in ViewData["Courses"] as List)76 {77 @course.Name78 }79 80                 
       
      
     
83     
    
84     
    
     85         
     
老师课程表
86         
     
87     
    
88     
    
     89         
     
学生上课表
90         
     
91     
    
92 93 

 @Html.Raw(Json.Encode(ViewData["Students"]))是把Model转换成json字符串，需要用到System.Web.Helpers，把此类库引用到项目，并且必须设置"复制到本地属性"为true,否则报错。

 ​

 

二、使用ViewBag传递多个Model

 HomeController

1 public ActionResult ViewBagDemo()2 {3     ViewBag.Courses = _repository.GetCourses();4     ViewBag.Students = _repository.GetStudents();5     ViewBag.Teachers = _repository.GetTeachers();6     return View();7 }

  Home/ViewBagDemo.cshtml

下拉框遍历课程改成：

@foreach (var course in ViewBag.Courses)

getTeacherTable()方法中改成：

var teachers = @Html.Raw(Json.Encode(ViewBag.Teachers));

getStudentTable()方法中改成：

var students = @Html.Raw(Json.Encode(ViewBag.Students));

 

三、使用部分视图传递多个Model

 HomeController

1 public ActionResult PartialViewDemo() 2 { 3     List
    
      courses = _repository.GetCourses(); 4     return View(courses); 5 } 6  7 public ActionResult StudentsToPVDemo(string courseName) 8 { 9     IEnumerable
     
       courses = _repository.GetCourses();10     var selectedCourseId = (from c in courses11                             where c.Name == courseName12                             select c.Id).FirstOrDefault();13     IEnumerable
      
        students = _repository.GetStudents();14     var studentsInCourse = students.Where(s => s.Courses.Any(c => c.Id == selectedCourseId)).ToList();15     return PartialView("StudentPV", studentsInCourse);16 }17 18 public ActionResult TeachersToPVDemo(string courseName)19 {20     IEnumerable
       
         courses = _repository.GetCourses();21     var selectedCourseId = (from c in courses22                             where c.Name == courseName23                             select c.Id).FirstOrDefault();24     IEnumerable
        
          teachers = _repository.GetTeachers();25     var teachersForCourse = teachers.Where(t => t.Courses.Any(c => c.Id == selectedCourseId)).ToList();26     return PartialView("TeacherPV", teachersForCourse);27 }
        
       
      
     
    

 Home/PartialViewDemo.cshmtl

1 @model IEnumerable
    
      2 @{ 3     Layout = null; 4 } 5  6  7  8     
      9     
     10     
     11     
     63 64 65     
     
      66         
      
       67             
         68                 
69                 
78             
79         
       
        
         
选择课程
         
70 71 --选择课程--72 @foreach (var course in Model)73 {74 @course.Name77 
        
       
      
80     
     
81     
     
      82         
      
老师课程表
83         
      
84     
     
85     
     
      86         
      
学生上课表
87         
      
88     
     
89 90 
    

 TeacherPV.cshtml与StudentPV.cshtml

1 @model IEnumerable
    
      2 
     
       3     
         4         
 5         
 6     
 7     @foreach (var item in Model) 8     { 9         
        10             
11             
12         
13     }14 
      
       
        
编号
        
名称
       
       
        
@item.Id
        
@item.Name
       
      
     
    

四、使用TempData传递多个Model

  HomeController

1 public ActionResult TempDataDemo() 2 { 3     //第一次从数据库读取数据放到TempData中，以后的请求从TempData中获取数据 4     TempData["Courses"] = _repository.GetCourses(); 5     //让TempData保存数据，直到下一次请求 6     TempData.Keep("Courses"); 7     return View(); 8 } 9 10 public ActionResult TeachersTempData(string courseName)11 {12     var courses = TempData["Courses"] as IEnumerable
    
     ;13     //由于TempData["Courses"]还要被下一次请求，继续TempData保存数据14     TempData.Keep("Courses");15     var selectedCourseId = (from c in courses16         where c.Name == courseName17         select c.Id).FirstOrDefault();18     IEnumerable
     
       teachers = _repository.GetTeachers();19     var teachersForCourse = teachers.Where(t => t.Courses.Any(c => c.Id == selectedCourseId)).ToList();20     return PartialView("TeacherPV", teachersForCourse);21 }22 23 public ActionResult StudentsTempData(string courseName)24 {25     var courses = TempData["Courses"] as IEnumerable
      
       ;26     //由于TempData["Courses"]还要被下一次请求，继续TempData保存数据27     TempData.Keep("Courses");28     var selectedCourseId = (from c in courses29                             where c.Name == courseName30                             select c.Id).FirstOrDefault();31     IEnumerable
       
         students = _repository.GetStudents();32     var studentsForCourse = students.Where(s => s.Courses.Any(c => c.Id == selectedCourseId)).ToList();33     return PartialView("StudentPV", studentsForCourse);34 }
       
      
     
    

Home/TempDataDemo.cshtml

下拉框遍历课程：

@foreach (var course in Model)

ajax请求老师课程表：

@Url.Action("TeachersTempData","Home")

ajax请求学生上课表：

@Url.Action("StudentsTempData","Home")

 

五、使用ViewModel传递多个Model

  View Model

1 public class SchoolVm2 {3     public List
    
      Courses { get; set; }4     public List
     
       Students { get; set; }5     public List
      
        Teachers { get; set; }6 }
      
     
    

 

HomeController

1 public ActionResult ViewModelDemoVM()2 {3     SchoolVm vm = new SchoolVm();4     vm.Courses = _repository.GetCourses();5     vm.Teachers = _repository.GetTeachers();6     vm.Students = _repository.GetStudents();7     return View(vm);8 }

Home/ViewModelDemoVM.cshtml

@model MvcApplication1.Models.SchoolVm

下拉框遍历课程：

@foreach (var course in Model.Courses)

ajax请求老师课程表和学生上课表：

@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(Model.Teachers)) 

@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(Model.Students))

 

六、使用Tuple传递多个Model

HomeController

1 public ActionResult TupleDemo()2 {3     var allModels = new Tuple
    
     
      , List
      
       , List
       
        >(_repository.GetCourses(),4         _repository.GetTeachers(), _repository.GetStudents()) {};5     return View(allModels);6 }
       
      
     
    

 Home/TupleDemo.cshtml

@model Tuple <List <MvcApplication1.Models.Course>, List <MvcApplication1.Models.Teacher>, List <MvcApplication1.Models.Student>>

下拉框遍历课程：

@foreach (var course in Model.Item1)

ajax请求老师课程表和学生上课表：

@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(Model.Item2)) 

@Html.Raw(Json.Encode(Model.Item3))

参考链接：

原文链接：